Productive and economic efficiency and perspectives of dairy microbasins - Puno region

Abstract

The study was carried out with the objective of determining the productive and economic efficiency of the dairy systems located in the microbasins - Puno; the milk production units are chosen under stratified sampling. The results of productive efficiency show that the milk production / cow-herd and cow milked are highly heterogeneous (2,531 to 4,955 kg), it is inversely related to the size and location of the micro-watersheds. On average cows from small herds and those near the circumlacustrine ring produce more. The production of milk / ha of cultivated pastures and forage oats vary with the size of the herd and the location of the microbasin. In both cases, the production of the small herds and the circumlacustrine ring stands out. In both cases, the production of the small herds and the circumlacustrine ring stands out. In terms of economic efficiency, in production and unit costs, highlights the diet (49 and 58%), labor (26 and 35%) and milking costs (8%); those that were based on the size of the herd and location of the micro-basin. On the other hand, it highlights the magnitude of the direct costs, in them the food (50-56%), manpower (23-35%). The main income is derived from the sale of milk and livestock, they vary by herd size and micro. In relation to profitability, by size of herd and micro-basin, they vary, being negative in those of smaller herd size. In conclusion, the regional dairy production systems show the adoption of important processes and techniques tending towards semi intensive or intensive breeding, although without consideration of business management tools.